Current Perspectives in the Problem of Chronic Hepatitis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5644/Radovi.261Abstract
On the basis of the literature, a definition, occurrence, aetiology and clinical classification of chronic hepatitis are presented. Pathogenesis and mechanisms of the disease are described on the basis of the role of hepatitis B virus (HBV) in the development of immune response of an organism to the virus as an antigen. The insufficient response of an organism is genetically conditioned, the reaction being a result of the reduced function of T lymphocytes. Various factors have the major role in the development of chronic hepatitis, particularly in HBsAg positive and HBsAg negative forms. Histological and clinical characteristics and therapy are related to the immune mechanisms, and the final prognosis is, in most cases, dependent on the findings of repeated liver biopsies within the period of not less than six months. Finally, several vaccines have been produced against HBV, which have a definite role in the future prevention and control of the disease in the risk groups.
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