Alternatives to Animal Experiments in Risk Assessment of Xenobiotics and Ecotoxins Using Isolated Organs

Abstract

Xenobiotics and ecotoxins should be toxicologically defined in spite of their great number in environment, industry and laboratories. There are two obstacles for the toxicological examinations of xenobiotics and ecotoxins. The first one is expensiveness, animals and time consuming. The second obstacle is antiviosectionist movement. The use of isolated organs with their motor nerve stimulations could be alternative to the whole animal experiments >n ecotoxicological risk assessments. The isolated innervated organs described were with extrinsic and intrinsic motor nerve stimulation. It was recommended to use four preparations with extrinsic nerves, and they were: oesophagus, stomach, urinary bladder and duetus deferens taken out from the mice. If the guinea-pigs were used fourth organ could be ileum instead of stomach. More than 50 xenobiotics were analysed in order to improve the method for toxicological investigation.